User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is a crucial phase in any Salesforce implementation. As an Enterprise Architect, ensuring a thorough, structured, and iterative UAT process drives a successful deployment. Unfortunately, UAT is often overlooked in implementation strategies, taking a backseat to the GUI / Presentation Layer optimization and cost management. Engaging SMEs and technical resources from start to finish is essential to ensuring the solution meets functional and technical goals, ultimately driving adoption and project success.

This blog post will guide you through creating UAT test scripts and managing the iterative UAT process effectively.

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Why is UAT such a critical part of the Salesforce Implementation

UAT validates that the system meets business requirements and is ready for deployment. It involves end-users testing the system with real-world scenarios to ensure:

• Business processes function as expected.
• Customizations and integrations work correctly.
• Data integrity and security are maintained.
• The user experience is intuitive and effective.

Creating UAT Test Scripts

A well-defined UAT test script ensures consistent execution and documentation of test scenarios. Here’s a step-by-step guide to creating effective UAT test scripts:

Identify Key Business Processes to Test

• Collaborate with stakeholders to determine critical processes.
• Prioritize high-impact and high-risk processes.
• Ensure coverage of integrations, data migrations, and reports.

Define Test Scenarios

Each test scenario should be aligned with a business use case. A test scenario consists of:

• A business goal.
• Pre-conditions (prerequisites before execution).
• Expected outcomes.
• Post-conditions (system state after execution).

Write Detailed Test Cases

Each test case should be structured with the following details:

• Test Case ID: Unique identifier.
• Module/Feature: The area of Salesforce being tested.
• Test Description: A summary of what is being tested.
• Test Steps: Step-by-step actions for execution.
• Expected Results: The expected system behavior.
• Actual Results: What actually happens during execution.
• Pass/Fail Criteria: Whether the test passed or failed.
• Tester Name: Who executed the test.
• Test Date: When the test was performed.

An Example Test Case:

Test Case ID	Module	Test Description	Test Steps	Expected Results	Actual Results	Status
UAT-001	Leads	Validate Lead Conversion	1. Create a new Lead2. Convert Lead to Opportunity	Opportunity is created	Opportunity created successfully	Pass

Assign Responsibilities

• Identify UAT testers from different business units.
• Provide clear instructions and expectations.
• Assign ownership for each test case.

Prepare the Test Environment

• Ensure the UAT environment mirrors production.
• Load necessary test data.
• Validate access controls and permissions.

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The Iterative UAT Process

UAT should be iterative to refine the system before deployment. Follow this process:

First UAT Cycle: Initial Validation

• Execute test scripts for the first round.
• Document defects and unexpected behaviors.
• Log feedback from testers.

Issue Resolution & System Enhancements

• Development team resolves reported issues.
• Minor enhancements are incorporated based on feedback.
• The test environment is refreshed with updated configurations.

Second UAT Cycle: Retesting & Refinement

• Retest previously failed test cases.
• Validate fixes and enhancements.
• Identify any new issues that arise from changes.

Final UAT Cycle: Approval for Deployment

• Conduct end-to-end testing with all scenarios.
• Obtain final approvals from stakeholders.
• Ensure UAT exit criteria are met:
  • All critical test cases have passed.
  • Outstanding defects are documented with mitigation plans.
  • Business users sign off on system readiness.

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Best Practices for UAT Success

• Early Involvement of End Users: Engage users early to align testing with real-world needs.
• Clear Communication: Provide detailed instructions and ensure stakeholders understand UAT goals.
• Comprehensive Documentation: Maintain a record of all test scripts, defects, and resolutions.
• Agile Feedback Loops: Continuously refine the system based on user feedback.
• Defect Prioritization: Categorize defects as Critical, High, Medium, or Low to focus efforts efficiently.
• Final Sign-Off Process: Ensure a structured approval process before moving to production.

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Conclusion

A structured and iterative UAT process ensures a smooth Salesforce implementation. By creating clear test scripts, engaging users early, and refining the system through multiple testing cycles, Enterprise Architects can help deliver a robust and user-friendly solution.

How do you typically manage UAT in your organization? Let me know below in the comments!